Drug name: Generic Prilosec (Omeprazole)

Therapeutic effects:

Omeprazole is a H+-K+-ATPase inhibitor. It inhibits the activity of H-K-ATPase in gastric parietal cells and thus blocks the final stage of hydrochloric acid secretion. This leads to reduction in basal and stimulated secretion, regardless of the nature of the stimulus. Due to the reduction of acid secretion, Omeprazole reduces or normalizes the effects of acid in the esophagus in patients with reflux esophagitis.

Omeprazole has a bactericidal effect on Helicobacter pylori. Eradication of H. pylori in concomitant use of omeprazole and antibiotics quickly relieves the symptoms of the disease, and reduces the likelihood of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

Indications:

• Stomach and duodenal ulcer, including those resistant to other antiulcer drugs
• Gastro-oesophageal reflux, reflux esophagitis (erosive and ulcerative)
• Acid dyspepsia
• NSAID gastroenteropathy, erosive and ulcerative gastric and duodenal lesions associated with NSAIDs
• Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and erosion in HIV-infected patients
• Peptic ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori (in combination with antibacterial agents)
• Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosa in infected persons
• Erosive and ulcerative changes in the upper gastrointestinal tract in liver cirrhosis patients
• Pathological hypersecretory conditions: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, multiple endocrine adenomatosis, systemic mastocytosis, stress ulcer
• Prevention of acid aspiration during anesthesia (Mendelson's syndrome)

Omeprazole may cause the following side effects:

• Digestive system: diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, flatulence, rare - dry mouth, taste disturbances, stomatitis, candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, atrophic gastritis
• Hemopoietic system: leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia
• CNS: dizziness, headache, anxiety, depression, malaise, fatigue, paresthesia, drowsiness, insomnia, reversible mental confusion, visual disturbances
• Musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, myalgia, muscular weakness
• Urogenital system: rare - hematuria, proteinuria, peripheral edema, urinary tract infection
• Dermatological reactions: photosensitivity, alopecia, erythema multiforme
• Allergic reactions: hives, skin rash, angioedema, fever, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis, anaphylactic shock
• Other: gynecomastia, excessive sweating

Drug interactions:

Omeprazole is known to interact with the following groups of drugs:

• Drugs metabolized by enzymes of cytochrome P450
• Oral anticoagulants (eg, coumarin)
• Anticonvulsants
• Fe+ drugs
• Some antibiotics (eg, ampicillin)
• Certain antimycotics (eg, ketoconazole)

Cautions and restrictions:

Omeprazole should not be used in case of hypersensitivity to the drug. It must be used with caution in the following conditions:

• Chronic liver diseases
• Pregnancy, lactation
• Children (except Zollinger - Ellison syndrome)

Additional information:

The drug should be stored in a dry, dark place at a temperature not above 25 C. Keep out of reach of children. Shelf-life is 2 years.